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Relapsing polychondritis affecting the lower respiratory tract.

Jeffrey V Behar1, Yo-Won Choi, Thomas A Hartman

  • 1Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3808, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|January 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Relapsing polychondritis commonly affects airways, showing increased attenuation and wall thickening on CT scans. Less frequent findings include stenosis, airway collapse, and air trapping, especially during expiratory phases.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Relapsing polychondritis is a rare systemic inflammatory disease.
  • Airway involvement can lead to significant morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the computed tomography (CT) features of lower respiratory tract involvement in relapsing polychondritis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of CT scans from patients diagnosed with relapsing polychondritis.
  • Analysis of imaging findings in the trachea and bronchi.

Main Results:

  • Common CT findings include increased attenuation and smooth thickening of airway walls.
  • Tracheal or bronchial stenosis was observed less frequently.

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  • Expiratory CT revealed airway collapse and lobar air trapping in approximately 50% of patients.

    • Conclusions:

    • CT is valuable for identifying lower respiratory tract involvement in relapsing polychondritis.
    • Airway wall thickening and increased attenuation are characteristic findings.
    • Airway collapse and air trapping on expiratory CT are important indicators of disease severity.