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Transgenic technology and applications in swine
1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
Theriogenology
|January 5, 2002
Summary
Transgenic livestock production uses advanced cell-based strategies, like embryonic stem (ES) cells and cloning, for rapid genetic improvement without crossbreeding. This technology offers enhanced traits such as disease resistance and improved productivity in farm animals.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Genetics
- Animal Biotechnology
Background:
- Transgenic livestock production represents a significant advancement in agriculture, enabling rapid gene introduction without traditional crossbreeding.
- It offers a more extreme, yet fundamentally similar, approach to genetic selection and breeding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight recent developments impacting transgenic livestock technology.
- To discuss the advantages of cell-based strategies over pronuclear injection for creating transgenic animals.
- To outline the potential applications and benefits of transgenic livestock.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing embryonic stem (ES) cells, embryonic germ (EG) cells, and somatic cells from various developmental stages (fetuses, adults).
- Employing nuclear transfer (cloning) strategies with these isolated cells as nuclear donors.
- Comparing cell-based methods with traditional pronuclear DNA injection techniques.
Main Results:
- Cell-based strategies offer distinct advantages for producing transgenic livestock compared to pronuclear injection.
- Recent advances in cell isolation, maintenance, and nuclear transfer are key to this progress.
- Transgenic technology allows for precise genetic manipulation in livestock.
Conclusions:
- Transgenic farm animals offer significant potential for developing improved livestock strains.
- Applications include enhanced reproduction, growth, feed efficiency, carcass quality, milk production, and disease resistance.
- This technology provides greater flexibility in direct genetic modification of livestock.
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