Update for nurse anesthetists. Patr 1. The hazards of surgical smoke

Inhaling surgical smoke is an ever-growing concern since the majority of all surgeries generate laser or electrosurgical smoke. Anesthesia providers must understand the dangers of surgical smoke and how to control or minimize exposure. This Journal course explores the hazards of surgical smoke (including plume odor, particulate matter size, viability of the smoke contents, and laparoscopic concerns) by citing significant research studies that support the threats and potential threats associated with surgical smoke. Effective methods to evacuate this plume are described to protect not only the healthcare professional but also the patient. Surgical smoke will continue to cause problems and concerns unless the surgical team is committed to providing a safe environment through appropriate and diligent smoke evacuation methods.