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Extensive chromosome aberrations caused by [3H]thymidine incorporation in a diploid monkey cell line DBS-FRhL-2
Abstract:
Extensive chromosome aberrations were induced in a diploid monkey cell line designated as DBS-FRhL-2 after exposure to [3H]thymidine ([3H]Tdr) for either 30 or 60 min at a dose of 1 muCi per ml of medium. Cultures exposed to [3H]Tdr for a longer period had significantly larger numbers of aberrations than those exposed for a shorter period. The most common type of aberrations were chromatid breaks. The majority of aberrations were observed in cells which were in contact with [3H]Tdr during S phase, especially the middle S. Cells from cultures of early and late passages exposed to [3H]Tdr were affected to a similar extent when chromosomes were examined. No clear relationship between sites of breakage and intensity of labeling could be established.
Insights
Exposure to [3H]thymidine ([3H]Tdr) induces chromosome aberrations in monkey cells. Longer exposure times and S phase contact, particularly mid-S, significantly increase aberration frequency, mainly chromatid breaks.
Area of Science:
- Cytogenetics
- Radiobiology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Tritiated thymidine ([3H]Tdr) is a radiolabeled nucleoside analog used to study DNA synthesis.
- Radioactive isotopes can induce DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations.
- Understanding the genotoxic effects of [3H]Tdr is crucial for interpreting results from radioisotope labeling studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the induction of chromosome aberrations in a diploid monkey cell line (DBS-FRhL-2) by [3H]thymidine ([3H]Tdr).
- To determine the relationship between [3H]Tdr exposure duration, cell cycle phase, and the frequency and type of chromosomal aberrations.
Main Methods:
- A diploid monkey cell line (DBS-FRhL-2) was exposed to [3H]thymidine at a dose of 1 µCi/ml for 30 or 60 minutes.
- Chromosomal aberrations were analyzed in cells from cultures at different passage numbers.
- Cells were examined for the presence and type of aberrations, and labeling intensity was assessed.
Main Results:
- Extensive chromosome aberrations, primarily chromatid breaks, were observed following [3H]Tdr exposure.
- Longer exposure durations (60 min vs. 30 min) resulted in significantly higher numbers of aberrations.
- Aberrations were most frequent in cells exposed to [3H]Tdr during the S phase, especially mid-S.
- No clear correlation was found between labeling intensity and breakage sites.
Conclusions:
- [3H]thymidine is a potent inducer of chromosomal aberrations in primate cell lines.
- The frequency of [3H]Tdr-induced aberrations is dependent on exposure duration and cell cycle stage (S phase).
- These findings highlight the importance of considering the genotoxic potential of [3H]Tdr in experimental settings.