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Alanosine (UCSD).

J Yu1

  • 1Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. johnyu@scripps.edu

Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs (London, England : 2000)
|January 5, 2002
PubMed
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Alanosine, an amino acid analog, is being investigated by UCSD researchers as a cancer treatment. It targets cancers lacking methyladenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), potentially overcoming previous toxicity and efficacy issues.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Alanosine, an amino acid analog derived from Streptomyces alanosinicus, interferes with adenosine synthesis.
  • Previous NCI trials in the 1980s were discontinued due to toxicity and lack of efficacy in common cancers.
  • Researchers identified that methyladenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deficiency in certain cancers could be a key to alanosine's effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate alanosine as a potential cancer therapeutic, particularly in tumors lacking MTAP.
  • To explore alanosine's efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL).

Main Methods:

  • Phase II clinical trials for NSCLC and phase I trials for ALL were conducted by UCSD.
  • Patient recruitment for phase II trials in glioma and NSCLC occurred in early 1997.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The mechanism of action involves depriving cancer cells lacking MTAP of de novo synthesized adenosine.

    • Main Results:

    • UCSD is developing alanosine for cancer treatment, focusing on MTAP-deficient tumors.
    • Ongoing trials include phase II for NSCLC and phase I for ALL as of May 2001.
    • A phase II trial for glioma was suspended.

    Conclusions:

    • Alanosine shows potential as a targeted cancer therapy for MTAP-deficient malignancies.
    • Further clinical trials are necessary to establish alanosine's safety and efficacy profile.
    • Understanding MTAP status is crucial for patient selection in alanosine therapy.