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[Extracorporeal methods in treating sarcoidosis patients].

V V Romanov

    Problemy Tuberkuleza
    |January 5, 2002
    PubMed
    Summary

    New treatments for sarcoidosis, including plasmapheresis and extracorporeal lymphocytic modification (ELM) with steroids or laser therapy, showed significant positive clinical and X-ray changes in 95% of patients, with minimal complications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Sarcoidosis is a complex inflammatory disease requiring novel therapeutic approaches.
    • Current treatments may involve significant corticosteroid use and associated side effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of plasmapheresis and extracorporeal lymphocytic modification (ELM) as novel treatments for sarcoidosis.
    • To compare ELM with different agents: steroids (prednisolone), infrared laser, and cytostatics (cyclosporin).

    Main Methods:

    • Plasmapheresis was administered to 50 patients.
    • Extracorporeal lymphocytic modification (ELM) was performed on 52 patients with prednisolone, 20 with infrared laser, and 48 with cyclosporin.
    • Treatment outcomes were assessed through clinical and radiological changes.

    Main Results:

    • Plasmapheresis significantly reduced the required dosage of corticosteroids.
    • Infrared laser therapy outcomes were comparable to plasmapheresis.
    • Prednisolone or cyclosporin ELM resulted in positive clinical and X-ray changes in 95% of patients.
    • Prednisolone ELM primarily reversed interstitial changes, while cyclosporin ELM targeted granulomatous processes and alveolitis differently.
    • No therapy-induced exacerbations were observed; complications occurred in 4% of cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Plasmapheresis and ELM represent effective therapeutic strategies for sarcoidosis.
    • ELM with prednisolone or cyclosporin offers a high success rate in improving radiological manifestations.
    • These novel treatments allow for reduced corticosteroid dosages and demonstrate a favorable safety profile.

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