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Iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis in apparently normal thyroid glands.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|October 1, 1975
Summary
Iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis can occur in individuals with normal thyroid glands, triggered by iodine-containing medications. This condition resolves spontaneously after iodine intake stops, with the thyroid eventually returning to normal function.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Internal Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis is typically associated with pre-existing thyroid disorders.
- Its occurrence in individuals with clinically normal thyroid glands is not well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and present evidence of thyrotoxicosis occurring in patients with apparently normal thyroid glands following iodine exposure.
Main Methods:
- Observation of ten cases presenting with thyrotoxicosis.
- Analysis of medical history, drug treatments (iodide or organic-iodine-containing drugs), radioiodine uptake, and thyroid function tests.
- Monitoring of thyroid status after cessation of iodine intake.
Main Results:
- Thyrotoxicosis developed during iodine treatment in patients without prior thyroid disease.
- Radioiodine uptake was minimal but could be stimulated by TSH.
- Symptoms resolved spontaneously after discontinuing iodine.
- A transient period of hypothyroidism followed, with the thyroid gland eventually normalizing in size and function.
Conclusions:
- Iodine overload can precipitate thyrotoxicosis even in individuals with previously normal thyroid glands.
- This form of thyrotoxicosis is transient and reversible.
- Thyroid function and morphology return to baseline after iodine exposure ceases.