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Related Experiment Videos

New objects dominate luminance transients in setting attentional priority.

J T Enns1, E L Austen, V D Lollo

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. jenns@psych.ubc.ca

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|January 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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New object appearances more effectively guide visual search than changes to existing objects. However, changes in contrast and polarity for old objects were as effective as new object onsets.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Visual perception
  • Attention research

Background:

  • Visual search is influenced by both new object appearances and changes in existing object features.
  • Direct comparisons of these influences under controlled conditions are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly compare the effectiveness of new object onsets versus changes in existing object features in guiding visual search.
  • To investigate how luminance contrast, magnitude of change, and target probability affect search priority.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted 5 visual search experiments comparing new object onsets with luminance changes in old objects.
  • Manipulated luminance contrast, magnitude of luminance change, and target-associated change probability.
  • Assessed the influence of these factors on search guidance and priority.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • New object onsets consistently outperformed changes in luminance for old objects in guiding search.
  • A new object with low luminance contrast was as effective as an old object with a large luminance change.
  • Old objects changing in contrast and polarity were as effective as new object onsets.

Conclusions:

  • Visual search priority is significantly biased towards object-based changes rather than situational changes.
  • The appearance of new objects is a potent cue for directing attention in visual search.
  • Specific feature changes, like contrast and polarity shifts in existing objects, can rival the attentional capture of new object onsets.