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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
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Skull growth in achondroplasic (cn) mice; a craniometric study.

R J Jolly, W J Moore

    Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology
    |July 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Achondroplasia in cn/cn mice significantly impacts skull development, causing reductions in cranial base, viscerocranium, and mandible length due to impaired cartilage growth. This study details these morphological changes in achondroplastic mice.

    Area of Science:

    • Craniofacial Development
    • Skeletal Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder affecting cartilage and bone development.
    • The cn/cn mouse model exhibits characteristics of human achondroplastic dwarfism.
    • Understanding skull morphology in cn/cn mice provides insights into skeletal growth disturbances.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of achondroplasia (cn/cn) on skull morphology in mice.
    • To quantify reductions in cranial base, viscerocranium, and mandibular condylar cartilage.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms of impaired skull growth in this chondrodystrophy model.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of skull morphology between achondroplastic (cn/cn) mice and normal siblings.
    • Measurement of specific cranial dimensions, including basicranial axis, viscerocranium length, and condylar process length.

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  • Histological examination of growth sites, focusing on synchondroses and cartilage growth patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant reductions observed in the basicranial axis (25%), viscerocranium (18%), and condylar process (11%).
    • Diminished growth at the spheno-occipital, missphenoidal, nasal septal, and condylar cartilages identified as the cause.
    • Cartilage growth disturbances, particularly in interstitial growth, are more pronounced than in surface apposition growth.

    Conclusions:

    • Achondroplasia in cn/cn mice leads to distinct craniofacial and mandibular undergrowth.
    • The pattern of reduction suggests differential susceptibility of various cartilage growth sites.
    • Findings highlight the critical role of interstitial cartilage growth in skull development and the impact of its disruption.