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Related Experiment Videos

Firearms discharge residue sample collection techniques.

J A Goleb, C R Midkiff

    Journal of Forensic Sciences
    |October 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Transparent tape and cotton swabs effectively collect firearms discharge residue for analysis. Transparent tape allows for non-destructive microscopic identification of residue particles before elemental analysis.

    Area of Science:

    • Forensic Science
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Firearms discharge residue (GSR) analysis is crucial in forensic investigations.
    • Accurate collection methods are essential for reliable GSR analysis.
    • Barium (Ba) and Antimony (Sb) are key elements in GSR.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the efficacy of three distinct collection techniques for firearms discharge residue (GSR).
    • To evaluate the performance of transparent adhesive tape, cellulose acetate film lift, and nitric acid-treated cotton swabs for GSR collection.
    • To assess the compatibility of collection methods with subsequent elemental analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Collection of GSR samples using transparent adhesive tape, "Film Lift" (cellulose acetate in acetone), and wet cotton swabs (dilute nitric acid).

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  • Analysis of collected samples for Barium (Ba) and Antimony (Sb) using flameless atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).
  • Utilized a Jarrell-Ash Model 810 instrument with a tantalum strip atomizer for analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Transparent tape and cotton swabs demonstrated high positive indications for GSR (90% and 80% frequency, respectively).
    • "Film Lift" method showed a lower positive indication rate (50% frequency).
    • Transparent tape allowed for discernible GSR particles, enabling non-destructive microscopic identification prior to elemental analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • Transparent adhesive tape and cotton swabs are effective and reliable methods for collecting GSR.
    • The "Film Lift" technique is less sensitive for GSR collection compared to tape and swabs.
    • Transparent tape offers the advantage of non-destructive microscopic examination of GSR particles before destructive elemental analysis, enhancing forensic investigations.