[Hemifacial microsomia. Embryological and clinical approach]

Area of Science:

• Developmental biology
• Craniofacial development
• Otomandibular dysplasia

Context:

• Hemifacial microsomia involves congenital malformations of the jaw and ear.
• Understanding embryonic development is crucial for managing these conditions.
• Craniofacial development is a complex process involving neural crest cell migration and molecular signaling.

Purpose:

• To review classical and current aspects of otomandibular development.
• To discuss pathogenetic hypotheses of hemifacial microsomia and mandibulofacial dysostosis.
• To propose a clinical approach to hemifacial microsomia.

Summary:

• This review explores the embryonic development of craniofacial structures, essential for understanding hemifacial microsomia.
• It examines neural crest cell migration and molecular signaling in facial primordia development.
• The review discusses current knowledge gaps and the utility of animal models in studying otomandibular dysplasias.

Impact:

• Enhances understanding of human otomandibular dysplasias through animal developmental models.
• Provides insights into the pathogenesis of hemifacial microsomia and related conditions.
• Informs clinical management strategies for congenital jaw and ear malformations.