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Leptin and renal disease.

Gunter Wolf1, Sheldon Chen, Dong Cheol Han

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Osteology, University of Hamburg, Germany.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|January 5, 2002
PubMed
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Leptin, a hormone reflecting body fat, directly impacts kidney function, potentially causing damage. This research explores leptin

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Leptin, primarily from adipose tissue, regulates appetite and metabolism.
  • Kidneys clear leptin; chronic renal failure elevates leptin levels.
  • The kidney expresses leptin receptors (Ob-Ra and Ob-Rb).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct effects of leptin on kidney pathophysiology.
  • To explore leptin's role in glomerular cells and extracellular matrix production.

Main Methods:

  • Cultured glomerular endothelial and mesangial cells from db/db mice were used.
  • Leptin's effects on cellular proliferation, TGF-beta1, collagen production, and glucose transport were assessed.
  • Infusion of leptin into normal rats was performed.

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Main Results:

  • Leptin stimulated proliferation and TGF-beta1 synthesis in glomerular endothelial cells.
  • Leptin upregulated TGF-beta type II receptor and glucose transport in mesangial cells.
  • Leptin infusion in rats induced focal glomerulosclerosis and proteinuria.

Conclusions:

  • Leptin acts directly on kidney cells, promoting extracellular matrix production.
  • Leptin may contribute to kidney damage in pathophysiological states.
  • The kidney is a target organ for leptin action.