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[Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma: clinical pathological and immunohistochemical study]
Summary
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is a rare oral cancer subtype, more common in males. This aggressive tumor requires careful pathological diagnosis and treatment due to its high-grade malignancy.
Area of Science:
- Oral pathology
- Oncology
- Immunohistochemistry
Context:
- Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is an uncommon variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
- Understanding its unique characteristics is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
Purpose:
- To elucidate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of oral basaloid squamous cell carcinoma.
- To differentiate BSCC from conventional oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Summary:
- BSCC constitutes 1% of oral squamous cell carcinomas, predominantly affecting males and occurring anywhere in the oral mucosa.
- Histologically, it features basaloid cells arranged in sheets/nests with frequent mitosis and comedo-necrosis, often accompanied by adjacent epithelial dysplasia.
- Immunohistochemically, tumor cells are cytokeratin positive, S-100 negative, exhibit a high PCNA index, and p53 positivity in 50% of cases.
Impact:
- BSCC represents a higher-grade malignancy than typical oral squamous cell carcinoma.
- Highlights the need for heightened clinical attention in treatment and pathological diagnosis of this aggressive oral cancer subtype.