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Capture-recapture method to estimate lower extremity amputation rates in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

E R Spichler1, D Spichler, I Lessa

  • 1Ministério da Saúde, Núcleo Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. spichler@terra.com.br

Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica = Pan American Journal of Public Health
|January 5, 2002
PubMed
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Lower extremity amputations (LEAs) are highly prevalent in Brazil, primarily due to peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus. This study highlights a significant public health concern requiring targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Lower extremity amputations (LEAs) represent a significant health burden, particularly in individuals with underlying conditions like peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus.
  • Estimating the true incidence of LEAs is crucial for effective public health planning and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the incidence rates of lower extremity amputations (LEAs) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
  • To identify the primary causes of LEAs, including peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, trauma, neoplasm, osteomyelitis, and emphysematous gangrene.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a capture-recapture (CR) technique employing data from three regional amputee registries (hospitals, limb-fitting center, rehabilitation center) in Rio de Janeiro.

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  • Analyzed data from 1992 to 1994, considering 257 amputee deaths and evaluating three CR models, with and without inclusion of deceased patients, to ensure accurate rate estimation.

    • Main Results:

    • The estimated mean annual incidence rate of LEAs in Rio de Janeiro was 13.9 per 100,000 inhabitants.
    • Individuals with diabetes exhibited a substantially higher annual incidence rate of LEAs (180.6 per 100,000), which is 13 times the risk of non-diabetic individuals.
    • Peripheral vascular disease (58.1%) and diabetes mellitus (27.4%) were the leading causes of LEAs identified in the study.

    Conclusions:

    • The study reveals a high incidence of LEAs in Brazil, exceeding rates in some developed countries like Spain.
    • Peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus are the principal drivers of LEAs in the studied population.
    • Findings underscore the need for enhanced surveillance and targeted preventive strategies for LEAs in Brazil.