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Starlink corn: a risk analysis.

Luca Bucchini1, Lynn R Goldman

  • 1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. lbucchin@jhsph.edu

Environmental Health Perspectives
|January 10, 2002
PubMed
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The Starlink corn incident highlighted gaps in U.S. regulatory oversight for genetically modified crops. Improved food allergy prediction and monitoring are crucial to prevent future disruptions from novel proteins in the food supply.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Biotechnology
  • Food Safety Regulation
  • Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

Background:

  • Modern biotechnology enables modification of plant agronomic traits, including insect resistance via Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes.
  • Bt crops like corn, cotton, and potatoes offer benefits but require rigorous risk assessment and management.
  • The Starlink corn case, involving the Bt protein Cry9c, tested U.S. regulatory systems due to allergenicity concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the regulatory history and U.S. government assessment framework for Starlink corn.
  • To identify assumptions, information gaps, and management efforts related to Starlink corn.
  • To explore the societal, scientific, and regulatory impacts of the Starlink corn incident.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of the regulatory history of Starlink corn.
  • Analysis of the U.S. government's risk assessment framework for genetically modified crops.
  • Examination of government efforts to manage the Starlink corn product.
  • Exploration of the impacts on regulations, science, and society.

    • Main Results:

    • Starlink corn, restricted to animal feed due to allergenicity concerns, was found in the human food supply, leading to recalls and disruption.
    • The Starlink incident revealed significant challenges in regulatory oversight, monitoring, and enforcement for genetically modified products.
    • Gaps in understanding food allergies and predicting allergic reactions to novel proteins were identified.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant advances in understanding food allergies and predicting allergic sensitization are needed for novel proteins.
    • Mechanisms to assess and manage worker and community aeroallergen risks are essential.
    • Development of valid assays is required for effective enforcement and post-market surveillance of genetically modified products.