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Bone density in competitive figure skaters.

Christina V Oleson1, Brian D Busconi, Daniel T Baran

  • 1Department of Orthopedics and Physical Rehabilitation, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. ChristinaVOleson@msn.com

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|January 10, 2002
PubMed
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Competitive female figure skaters with stress fractures have normal bone mineral density (BMD). Skaters without fractures exhibit higher BMD, particularly those performing triple jumps, suggesting excessive forces, not low bone mass, cause fractures.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Bone Physiology

Background:

  • Competitive figure skating involves high impact forces.
  • Stress fractures are a common injury in adolescent athletes.
  • Bone mineral density (BMD) is a key indicator of bone health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare BMD in adolescent female figure skaters with and without fracture history.
  • To compare BMD of these skaters to age-matched nonathletic controls.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study.
  • 36 adolescent female skaters (10 with fracture, 26 without) and 22 controls.
  • BMD measured using quantitative ultrasound.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Skaters with fractures had BMD similar to controls.
  • Skaters without fractures showed 15-24% higher calcaneal BMD than controls or fractured skaters.
  • Skaters performing triple jumps had 14-19% higher calcaneal BMD than double-jumpers.

    • Conclusions:

    • Stress fractures in skaters are likely due to excessive forces on normal bone, not low bone mass.
    • Higher forces are applied to the landing foot compared to the takeoff foot.