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Coding of temporal information by activity-dependent synapses.

Galit Fuhrmann1, Idan Segev, Henry Markram

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|January 11, 2002
PubMed
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Dynamic synapses in the neocortex encode temporal information. Depressing synapses excel at low firing rates (0.5-5 Hz), while facilitating synapses optimize information coding at higher rates (9-70 Hz).

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Synaptic transmission in the neocortex is dynamic, meaning postsynaptic response magnitude varies with presynaptic activity history.
  • Each synaptic response inherently contains information about the preceding presynaptic input spike train's temporal structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively analyze the information about previous interspike intervals contained within single responses of dynamic synapses.
  • To determine optimal firing frequencies for coding temporal information in different types of dynamic synapses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized information theory methods.
  • Applied these methods to experimentally based deterministic and probabilistic phenomenological models of depressing and facilitating synapses.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Identified an optimal presynaptic firing frequency for maximal information content in any given dynamic synapse.
  • Derived simple relations between optimal firing frequency and synaptic parameters.
  • Depressing neocortical synapses are optimized for low firing rates (0.5-5 Hz), coding information from up to four preceding spikes.
  • Facilitating synapses are optimized for higher rates (9-70 Hz), coding information from over eight preceding spikes.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic synapses possess an intrinsic optimal firing rate for maximizing temporal information coding.
  • Different synapse types (depressing vs. facilitating) are optimized for distinct firing rate ranges, reflecting their roles in neural circuits.
  • This study provides quantitative insights into how neocortical synapses encode temporal patterns of neural activity.