Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy
Published on: September 13, 2022
[Infective lithiasis. Treatment and complications]
F J Ruiz Marcellan1, L Ibarz Servio, D Salinas Duffo
1Centro de Litiasis Renal, Urología, Instituto Dexeus, Barcelona, España.
Objective:
To establish the criteria for treatment of staghorn stones according to stone surface and distribution in cadaver kidneys.
Methods:
Retrospective study of 344 cases treated from 1985 to 1992 and classified into two groups according to treatment by extracorporeal lithotripsy or by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL).
Results:
Mean age 48.69 years, prevalence of females and positive urinary culture in almost 70%, mainly Proteus. Stone composition was varied, but mainly magnesium ammonium phosphate. Treatment was by extracorporeal lithotripsy in 80.81% and by PNL in 19.9%.
Conclusions:
Treatment of this type of lithiasis should be by combined surgical removal and medical treatment. Lithotripsy is advocated for large caliceal calculi and PNL for large pyelic calculi.
Related Concept Videos
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management