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Related Concept Videos

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the lytic replication...
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.
Bacteriophages of the Human Virome01:23

Bacteriophages of the Human Virome

Bacteriophages are found throughout the human body. They may even outnumber eukaryotic viruses, forming an important and dynamic component of the human virome. Indeed, phages represent the most abundant viral entities, with densities in the gut reaching up to 10⁹ particles per gram of fecal matter, and many belonging to orders such as Caudovirales and Microviridae, while a substantial proportion remains unclassified as viral “dark matter.”Lysogeny and Genetic ExchangeIn the gut, bacteriophages...

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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
08:31

Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'

Published on: May 26, 2013

Phage genomics: small is beautiful.

Harald Brüssow1, Roger W Hendrix

  • 1Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd., Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH-1000 26 Lausanne, Switzerland. harald.bruessow@rdls.nestle.com

Cell
|January 17, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The genomics era is revolutionizing bacteriophage research. Analyzing numerous phage genomes together allows scientists to explore global phage population structure, dynamics, and evolution at an unprecedented resolution.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
08:31

Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'

Published on: May 26, 2013

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins
09:40

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

Published on: June 11, 2015

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
09:23

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics

Published on: January 5, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Bacteriophage genome sequencing has progressed significantly since the 1970s.
  • Over 100 complete bacteriophage genomes are now available, with thousands expected soon.
  • Individual phage genomes provide insights, but analyzing them collectively offers greater potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To leverage high-volume sequencing data for a comprehensive understanding of bacteriophage populations.
  • To address fundamental questions about phage population structure, dynamics, and evolution using whole-genome analysis.
  • To establish the foundation for large-scale comparative genomics in bacteriophage research.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput sequencing of bacteriophage genomes.
  • Comparative genomic analysis of a large dataset of phage sequences.
  • Population genetics approaches applied to whole-genome data.

Main Results:

  • The study enables the analysis of over 100 complete phage genomes.
  • Future prospects include the analysis of thousands of phage genomes.
  • This approach allows for the study of phage populations at whole-genome resolution.

Conclusions:

  • Comparative genomics of bacteriophage genomes is now feasible at a large scale.
  • This methodology will unlock new insights into phage population biology.
  • The field is poised for significant advancements in understanding phage evolution and ecology.