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Related Experiment Videos

Dynein at the cortex.

Denis L Dujardin1, Richard B Vallee

  • 1University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech 4, Suite 312, 377 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|January 17, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Cytoplasmic dynein, a crucial motor protein, has newly discovered roles at the cell cortex. These functions, including nuclear migration and spindle orientation, may represent its ancient evolutionary form.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Molecular motors
  • Cytoskeletal dynamics

Background:

  • Cytoplasmic dynein is a vital minus-end-directed microtubule motor protein.
  • It plays essential roles in various cellular processes during interphase and mitosis.
  • A specific fraction of dynein associates with the cell cortex, mediating specialized functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the diverse functions of cell cortex-associated cytoplasmic dynein.
  • To investigate the potential evolutionary significance of this cortical dynein fraction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of recent evidence.
  • Analysis of known cellular roles mediated by cortical dynein.

Main Results:

  • Cortical cytoplasmic dynein is involved in nuclear migration.
  • It plays a role in mitotic spindle orientation.
  • It mediates cytoskeletal reorientation during wound healing.

Conclusions:

  • The cell cortex-associated cytoplasmic dynein performs critical, diverse cellular functions.
  • These functions suggest that a cortically bound form of dynein might be its most ancient evolutionary state.

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