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Related Experiment Video

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Isolation and Biophysical Study of Fruit Cuticles

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Published on: March 30, 2012

Shear instabilities in granular flows.

David J Goldfarb¹, Benjamin J Glasser, Troy Shinbrot

¹Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8058, USA.

|January 18, 2002

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Breaking waves form in granular flows, previously unobserved. A new dimensionless shear number predicts the transition from steady to wavy granular flows.

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Area of Science:

Physics
Geophysics
Fluid Dynamics

Background:

Unstable waves are well-studied in fluid shear layers, impacting atmospheric and oceanic transport.
These instabilities are crucial for slipstream stability in vehicles and heat-transfer devices.
Instabilities in granular flows, vital for geophysical and industrial systems, remain largely undocumented.

Purpose of the Study:

To document and analyze the formation of instabilities in granular flows.
To investigate the conditions leading to wave formation at the interface of granular streams.
To develop a model and predictive parameter for granular flow instabilities.

Main Methods:

Experimental observation of granular flows on an inclined plane using a splitter plate.
Analysis of a granular flow model to understand wave formation mechanisms.
Identification of key parameters influencing flow stability.

Main Results:

Breaking waves were observed at the interface between two streams of identical grains.
Wave formation was triggered by changes in shear rate or incline angle.
A granular flow model qualitatively matched experimental data, attributing waves to competing shear and extensional strains.

Conclusions:

The study reports the novel observation of wave instabilities in granular shear flows.
A dimensionless shear number is proposed to govern the transition from steady to wavy granular flow regimes.
Findings advance the understanding of granular flow dynamics with implications for various scientific and engineering fields.