Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus
Published on: November 6, 2014
[Prevalence of oral clefts from 1975 to 1994, Brazil]
L de Castro Monteiro Loffredo1, J A Freitas, A A Grigolli
1Departamento de Odontologia Social, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara, SP, Brasil. lloffred@foar.unesp.br
Objective:
To estimate the prevalence of oral clefts in Brazil categorized by etiology and geographical region.
Methods:
Case reports of oral cleft in newborns in the period 1975 - 1994 were included in the study. Data was collected using the morbidity certificates of the Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais (Craniofacial Abnormalities Rehabilitation Hospital), Ministry of Health data (Datasus), and Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Census Bureau).
Results/Conclusions:
There were 16,853 new cases of oral clefts, with a total prevalence of 0.19 per 1,000 births, and there was an increased prevalence every five years. The highest prevalence were observed in the Midwest, southeast, and south regions. As for the studied categories, cleft lip (or the cleft of lip and palate) was seen in 74% of the cases and isolated cleft palate was seen in 26% of them.
Related Concept Videos
Oral Cavity
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
Teeth
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Assessment of the Mouth
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Prevalence and Incidence
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health condition at a...
Development of the Oral Microbiota

