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Related Experiment Videos

Operationalizing trance II: clinical application using a psychophenomenological approach.

Ronald J Pekala1

  • 1Biofeedback Clinic (116B), Coatesville VA Medical Center, Coatesville, PA 19320, USA.

The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis
|January 22, 2002
PubMed
Summary

This study operationalized "trance" in hypnosis using the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI). It provides clinicians with quantitative and qualitative measures of subjective hypnotic experiences for tailored treatment planning.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Hypnotherapy

Background:

  • Clinicians often use "trance" to describe hypnosis, but lacked a standardized method to quantify this subjective experience.
  • Previous work operationalized trance using the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI), a self-report instrument.

Observation:

  • The PCI quantifies subjective hypnotic experiences.
  • Trance depth was measured using a predicted Harvard Group Scale (pHGS) score derived from PCI subdimensions.
  • Trance typologies were identified through cluster and discriminant analyses of PCI dimensions.

Findings:

  • Developed quantitative (pHGS score) and qualitative (typology profiles) measures for subjective trance depth.
  • Empirically derived clusters of subjective trance experiences were identified.
  • PCI data offers specific insights into phenomenological events during hypnosis.

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Implications:

  • Clinicians can use these measures to adapt hypnotic suggestions to a client's unique phenomenological world.
  • The approach aids in facilitating treatment planning in clinical hypnosis.
  • Provides a framework for understanding and utilizing subjective trance experiences in therapy.