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Temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis: long-term results
F Spallaccia1, A Rivaroli, P Cascone
1Dipartimento di Chirurgia Maxillo-Faciale, Università La Sapienza, Roma, Italia.
Summary
Arthrocentesis, a minimally invasive joint lavage, effectively treats temporomandibular joint dysfunction by reducing pain and improving mouth opening. This simple procedure offers excellent results with low complication risks.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Orthodontics
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is a common condition affecting jaw function.
- Arthrocentesis offers a minimally invasive approach to TMJ treatment.
- Current treatment protocols are evolving to include arthrocentesis for TMJ disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of arthrocentesis in treating temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
- To assess the impact of arthrocentesis on pain reduction and range of motion in TMJ patients.
Main Methods:
- A clinical study involving 26 temporomandibular joints in 25 patients aged 16-70.
- Arthrocentesis performed under local anesthesia.
- Assessment of pain intensity, mouth opening, and mandibular movements (protrusion, laterality) pre- and post-treatment.
- Statistical analysis using Student's t-test.
Main Results:
- Statistically significant improvements in TMJ pain levels post-arthrocentesis (p < 0.05).
- Significant increase in maximal mouth opening following the procedure (p < 0.05).
- Follow-up ranged from 12 to 53 months, demonstrating sustained effectiveness.
Conclusions:
- Arthrocentesis is a safe and effective treatment for temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
- The procedure leads to significant reductions in pain and improvements in mandibular mobility.
- Its simplicity, low cost, and excellent outcomes support its inclusion in TMJ treatment protocols.