Phase-matched air ultrasonic transducers using corrugated PVDF film with half wavelength depth

A new type of large area PVDF film air transducer is proposed. The transducer features a high power output and a sharp beam angle. Conventionally known curved length mode resonators with two clamps at both ends have a resonance frequency determined by the curvature. In the present work, PVDF was formed into alternating concave and convex multiple curved sections, eliminating clamps, i.e., a periodic corrugation structure using a single PVDF film. Each convex and concave section has a common resonance frequency. A common excitation voltage induces vibration for each section, and the vibration direction is normal to the film surface. The vibration phase of convex section is shifted 180 degrees from the concave section. These waves add constructively to form a strong acoustic beam when corrugation height is approximately one-half of the wavelength. The corrugation height controls propagation path difference, canceling excitation phase difference. The design principle based on a uniform vibration mode is presented. Experimental investigations using 8.8 x 2.5-, 10 x 5-, and 20 x 20-cm2 transducers are presented. Side lobes unique to this corrugation structure have been observed. A theoretical analysis of the side lobes is also presented. According to the theory, choosing the corrugation height appropriately will reduce side lobes to -15 dB with regard to the main lobe, and the observed side lobe height agreed with the theoretical result.