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Related Experiment Videos

Amphotericin B: spectrum and resistance.

David Ellis1

  • 1Mycology Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide 5006, Australia. dellis@adelaide.edu.au

The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
|January 22, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Amphotericin B, a polyene macrolide antibiotic, is effective against various fungal infections by disrupting fungal cell membranes. Its main limitations are poor solubility and toxicity, not antifungal resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Amphotericin B is a unique polyene macrolide antibiotic from Streptomyces nodosus, approved for intravenous use due to limited toxicity.
  • Polyene antifungals target fungal cell membranes by binding to ergosterol, leading to cell death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanism of action, spectrum of activity, and resistance patterns of Amphotericin B.
  • To discuss the limitations of Amphotericin B, focusing on solubility and toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Amphotericin B's properties and clinical use.
  • Analysis of reported fungal resistance mechanisms and species-specific susceptibility.

Main Results:

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  • Amphotericin B exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity against numerous pathogens.
  • Resistance to Amphotericin B is uncommon and typically species-dependent, emerging slowly during treatment.
  • Primary resistance is observed in specific species like Scedosporium prolificans.

    • Conclusions:

    • Amphotericin B remains a vital antifungal agent despite challenges with solubility and toxicity.
    • Antifungal resistance to Amphotericin B is not a primary clinical concern compared to its formulation and safety issues.