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Comparative effects of eugenol to bis-eugenol on oral mucous membranes
S Fujisawa1, N Okada, E Muraoka
1Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Meikai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histopathological effect of eugenol and bis-eugenol on oral mucous membranes at the tissue organ level. Oral mucous membranes of mice were applied with three reagents, eugenol, bis-eugenol, and acetone (as the control). The control group showed a normal architecture. The eugenol group showed severe hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, cellular edema, patchy chronic inflammation, pleomorphism and hyperchromatism of basal layer cells, indicating high mitotic activity. Comparatively, the bis-eugenol group showed mild hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, however, the shape or arrangement of basal layer cells were normal. Bis-eugenol was considerably less toxic than eugenol.
Insights
Eugenol caused severe tissue damage to oral mucous membranes, while bis-eugenol showed only mild effects. Bis-eugenol is considerably less toxic than eugenol for oral tissue applications.
Area of Science:
- Oral pathology
- Toxicology
- Histopathology
Background:
- Eugenol and bis-eugenol are compounds used in dentistry.
- Understanding their effects on oral tissues is crucial for safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To histopathologically evaluate the effects of eugenol and bis-eugenol on mouse oral mucous membranes.
- To compare the toxicity of eugenol and bis-eugenol at the tissue organ level.
Main Methods:
- Application of eugenol, bis-eugenol, and acetone (control) to mouse oral mucous membranes.
- Histopathological examination of tissue architecture, cellular changes, and inflammatory responses.
Main Results:
- Control group (acetone) exhibited normal tissue architecture.
- Eugenol group showed severe hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, edema, inflammation, and basal cell abnormalities indicating high mitotic activity.
- Bis-eugenol group displayed mild hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis with normal basal cell morphology.
Conclusions:
- Bis-eugenol demonstrates significantly lower oral tissue toxicity compared to eugenol.
- Eugenol induces severe histopathological changes in oral mucous membranes, suggesting potential risks in oral applications.