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Growth reference charts for use in the United Kingdom
C M Wright1, I W Booth, J M H Buckler
1University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. charlotte.wright@clinmed.gla.ac.uk
Insights
The UK90 growth reference is recommended for most clinical uses in British children, surpassing older Tanner-Whitehouse and Gairdner-Pearson charts. Current head circumference charts are unreliable beyond infancy.
Area of Science:
- Paediatrics
- Child Health
- Growth Monitoring
Background:
- Confusion exists regarding the appropriate use of pediatric growth charts introduced in the mid-1990s.
- Multiple versions of growth charts are employed by various districts, leading to inconsistencies.
- The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health established the Growth Reference Review Group to address this uncertainty.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the validity and comparability of different pediatric growth charts.
- To provide guidance on the selection of appropriate growth references for British children.
- To assess the reliability of existing growth charts against contemporary pediatric data.
Main Methods:
- Review of the technical construction and evaluation methodologies of growth charts.
- Assessment of growth chart validity using data from contemporary British children.
- Comparative analysis of the UK90, Tanner-Whitehouse, and Gairdner-Pearson growth references.
Main Results:
- The UK90 reference is deemed superior for most clinical applications and measures in British children.
- The original Tanner-Whitehouse and Gairdner-Pearson charts are considered unreliable for all age groups.
- Revised Buckler-Tanner references remain suitable for height assessment after age two.
- No reliable head circumference reference charts are available for use beyond infancy.
Conclusions:
- The UK90 growth reference is the primary recommendation for clinical use in British children.
- Existing older growth charts (Tanner-Whitehouse, Gairdner-Pearson) are obsolete.
- Future revisions of growth charts should be carefully planned and involve broad consultation, with the UK90 reference being "frozen" in the interim.
Abstract:
Since the introduction of new growth charts in the mid 1990s, there has been confusion about which charts should be used, with many districts using more than one version. Because of this uncertainty, an expert working party, the Growth Reference Review Group, was convened by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health to provide guidance on the validity and comparability of the different charts currently in use. This paper describes the technical background to the construction and evaluation of growth charts and outlines the group's findings on the validity of each growth reference in relation to contemporary British children. The group concluded that for most clinical purposes the UK90 reference is superior and for many measures is the only usable reference that can be recommended, while the original Tanner-Whitehouse and the Gairdner-Pearson charts are no longer reliable for use at any age. After the age of 2 the revised Buckler-Tanner references are still suitable for assessing height. There are presently no reliable head circumference reference charts for use beyond infancy. The group propose that apart from refinements of chart design and layout, the new UK90 reference should now be "frozen", with any future revisions only undertaken after careful planning and widespread consultation.
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