Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation
09:49

Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation

Published on: August 13, 2015

Perianal anatomy in non-abused preschool children

A K Myhre1, K Bemtzen, D Bratlid

  • 1Department of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim. arne.k.myhre@medisin.ntnu.no

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|January 26, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Perianal anatomy in preschool children shows variations based on gender and examination position. Findings suggest these differences relate to anal muscle structure and tone.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric anatomy
  • Forensic medicine

Background:

  • Normal perianal anatomy in children is not well-defined.
  • Understanding variations is crucial for non-abuse evaluations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Describe normal perianal anatomy in preschool children.
  • Compare findings between left lateral position (LLP) and prone knee-chest position (KCP).

Main Methods:

  • 305 children (103 boys, 202 girls) aged 5.13-6.75 years participated.
  • Anal examinations performed in LLP and KCP using colposcopy and camera.
  • Data analyzed for gender and position differences.

Main Results:

  • Girls showed more venous congestion (LLP) and external anal dilatation (both positions).
  • Boys had more midline depressions and smooth areas (both positions).
  • KCP revealed more external/total anal dilatation, prominent anal verge, and midline smooth areas/depressions.

Conclusions:

  • Significant gender and position-dependent variations in perianal anatomy were observed.
  • These anatomical differences likely stem from variations in anal muscle structure and tone.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
The perineum is a diamond-shaped area below the pelvic diaphragm, divided into an anterior urogenital triangle that contains the external genitals and a posterior anal triangle housing the anus. The urogenital...
Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation01:23

Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation

Palpation is a crucial tactile examination method for assessing abdominal organs and detecting conditions like tenderness, distention, masses, or fluid. It involves both light and deep palpation techniques, each serving specific diagnostic purposes. Light palpation helps identify tenderness and other surface-level indicators, while deep palpation locates and assess abdominal masses and organ boundaries. A skilled professional can gather valuable insights through palpation, including evaluating...
Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation01:25

Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation

Introduction
The abdominal examination is a cornerstone of clinical medicine, serving as a critical tool in diagnosing various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. It involves a systematic approach that includes inspection and auscultation, each with distinct yet complementary roles in assessing the abdomen. This article will delve into these two primary methods healthcare professionals use to examine the abdomen.
Inspection of the Abdomen
The first step in any abdominal examination is inspection.
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Psychosexual Theory of Development01:14

Psychosexual Theory of Development

Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory of development suggests that early childhood experiences significantly shape personality and behavior. Freud proposed that development is discontinuous, occurring in five distinct stages, each defined by a focus on different erogenous zones. He believed that failure to resolve the conflicts specific to each stage successfully could result in fixation, potentially influencing behavior as adults.
The Five Stages of Psychosexual Development
Freud's psychosexual...