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[Symptom control in palliative medicine].

D Beck1, D Kettler

  • 1Palliativstation am Zentrum Anaesthesiologie, Rettungs- und Intensivmedizin, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. dbeck@gwdg.de

Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)
|January 26, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Palliative medicine enhances quality of life for patients with incurable diseases by managing distressing symptoms like pain, nausea, and dyspnea. Multidisciplinary teams address physical, psycho-social, and spiritual needs, prioritizing patient-centered care.

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Area of Science:

  • Palliative Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Symptom Management

Context:

  • Palliative care focuses on improving quality of life for patients with incurable diseases and their families.
  • Advanced cancer presents complex symptoms impacting daily life, including pain, nausea, vomiting, and dyspnea.
  • Effective symptom management requires understanding pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmacokinetics.

Purpose:

  • To outline the goals and priorities of palliative medicine according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
  • To highlight the multidisciplinary approach essential for comprehensive patient care.
  • To discuss the management of specific distressing symptoms in advanced cancer patients.

Summary:

  • Palliative medicine prioritizes alleviating pain and other physical symptoms, alongside psycho-social and spiritual issues.
  • Therapeutic decisions for symptoms like constipation, nausea, vomiting, and dyspnea are based on identifying underlying causes.
  • Tumor pain management follows WHO guidelines, emphasizing long-term analgesic therapy, dose titration, and specific approaches for neuropathic pain.

Impact:

  • Optimizing symptom control improves patient quality of life and nutritional care, potentially preventing complications like ileus.
  • Understanding neurotransmitter roles offers targeted therapies for nausea and vomiting.
  • Integrated medical and nursing interventions are crucial for effective dyspnea management.

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