[Effects of alimentary loads on water-electrode balance]

We studied the effect of isocaloric protein, fat, carbohydrate and alcoholic breakfasts on diuresis, natriuresis, kaliuresis and serum aldosterone in sixteen 22-25-year-old healthy men in the hospital where they were exposed to hydration (20 ml/kg, in interval 2 hours) and after alimentary loads (in intervals 3-4 and 5-6 hours). It was found that diuresis increased by 37.12% and 18.77% after alcoholic and fat load (p < 0.001 and 0.05, respectively). Protein intake did not change diuresis considerably, while carbohydrates reduced diuresis by 27.23% (p < 0.01). Natriuresis grew after protein breakfast by 61.27% (p < 0.01), by 49.52% (p < 0.01) after alcoholic one, by 14.36% (p < 0.05) after fat breakfast and fell by 41.31% (p < 0.01) after carbohydrate one. Kaliuresis fell sharply after sugar intake to 41.65% of the initial level (p < 0.001). Fat and alcohol breakfasts lowered caliuresis by 14.98% (p > 0.05) and 22.23% (p > 0.05), respectively. Protein increased caliuresis by 28.24% (p > 0.05). Plasma aldosterone rose after any of the above loads.