Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Physiological Control of Respiration01:23

Physiological Control of Respiration

Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Respiratory phenotypes are distinctly affected in mice with common Rett syndrome mutations MeCP2 T158A and R168X.

Neuroscience·2014
Same author

Acute intermittent hypoxia-induced expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor is disrupted in the brainstem of methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 null mice.

Neuroscience·2012
Same author

Respiratory pattern and hypoxic ventilatory response in mice functionally lacking alpha2A-adrenergic receptors.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2001
Same author

Respiration and parturition affected by conditional overexpression of the Ca2+-activated K+ channel subunit, SK3.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2000
Same author

Mechanisms regulating hypoxic respiratory depression during fetal and postnatal life.

American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology·2000
Same author

Restructuring residency training in obstetrics and gynecology.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology·1999

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures
05:45

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures

Published on: November 2, 2015

Developmental changes in the hypoxic ventilatory response in C57BL/6 mice.

J M Bissonnette1, S J Knopp

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Building, Mail Code L-458, Room R830, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97210-3098, USA. bissonne@ohsu.edu

Respiration Physiology
|January 29, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Early C57BL/6 mouse pups (P1-P3) exhibit a sustained ventilatory response to hypoxia, unlike older mice. This suggests their respiratory system is not yet prone to the time-dependent depression seen in more developed species.

More Related Videos

Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing
05:45

Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing

Published on: October 25, 2019

Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice
09:13

Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice

Published on: July 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures
05:45

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures

Published on: November 2, 2015

Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing
05:45

Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing

Published on: October 25, 2019

Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice
09:13

Hypoxia Alters miRNAs Levels Involved in Non-Mendelian Inheritance of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Mice

Published on: July 11, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • C57BL/6 mice are a common model for genetic mutations affecting neurotransmitters.
  • Transgenic C57BL/6 mice often display abnormal respiratory phenotypes.
  • The postnatal development of hypoxic ventilatory response in C57BL/6 mice is not well-characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the postnatal development of the ventilatory response to hypoxia in C57BL/6 mice.
  • To compare the hypoxic response in neonatal versus juvenile C57BL/6 mice.

Main Methods:

  • Hypoxic challenge (8% oxygen for 5 minutes) was applied to C57BL/6 mice at five postnatal ages (P1-P30).
  • Ventilatory parameters (respiratory frequency, tidal volume, minute ventilation) were measured using whole-body plethysmography.
  • Oxygen consumption was measured during hypoxic exposure.

Main Results:

  • Mice aged P7-P30 showed a biphasic hypoxic ventilatory response with a decline in ventilation during hypoxia and post-hypoxia.
  • Neonatal mice (P1-P3) exhibited a sustained increase in respiratory frequency and tidal volume during hypoxia and post-hypoxia.
  • Oxygen consumption decline during hypoxia was similar between P1-P3 and P8-P10 mice.

Conclusions:

  • The earliest hypoxic respiratory response in C57BL/6 mice (P1-P3) is sustained, not depressed.
  • This sustained response contrasts with the biphasic pattern observed in older mice and suggests developmental differences in respiratory control.
  • Findings indicate the C57BL/6 strain's respiratory system matures postnatally, impacting its response to hypoxia.