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Aging as exchange: a preface to theory.

J J Dowd

    Journal of Gerontology
    |September 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Aging is viewed through social exchange theory, where declining power resources make balanced interactions difficult for older adults. This can lead to disengagement and costly compliance for continued support, as seen in retirement.

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    Area of Science:

    • Social Psychology
    • Sociology of Aging

    Background:

    • Social exchange theory posits interactions are based on reciprocal exchange.
    • Previous work by Blau and Emerson highlights power dynamics in social exchange.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a framework viewing aging through the lens of social exchange theory.
    • To analyze aging-related problems as issues of diminishing power resources.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis integrating social exchange propositions with aging processes.
    • Examination of power dynamics and resource exchange in later life.

    Main Results:

    • Aging is characterized by a decline in power resources, hindering balanced exchange for older adults.
    • Disengagement arises from deteriorating power relative to exchange partners.
    • Older individuals may exchange compliance for sustenance, indicating an imbalanced exchange ratio.

    Conclusions:

    • The aging process can be understood as a series of deteriorating exchange relations.
    • Retirement serves as a key example illustrating the 'aging as exchange' phenomenon.
    • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for addressing challenges faced by the elderly.

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