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Insulin glargine.

R K Campbell1, J R White, T Levien

  • 1Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Pullman 99164-6510, USA. rkcamp@wsu.edu

Clinical Therapeutics
|January 30, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Insulin glargine offers effective basal insulin therapy for diabetes, mimicking natural insulin secretion with a reduced risk of hypoglycemia. This long-acting insulin analogue provides improved glycemic control for type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Intensive glycemic control in diabetes is challenged by insulin regimens lacking physiological basal-bolus secretion.
  • Existing intensive therapies carry a risk of hypoglycemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review insulin glargine's pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, dosing, adverse effects, and drug interactions.
  • To summarize clinical trial results on insulin glargine's efficacy and tolerability as basal insulin.

Main Methods:

  • Searched MEDLINE, Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science, and ADA meeting proceedings for insulin glargine research.
  • Included primary research, review articles, and product information, prioritizing peer-reviewed literature.

Main Results:

  • Insulin glargine offers a prolonged, peakless 24-hour action, mimicking basal insulin.
  • It provides similar glycemic control and tolerability to NPH insulin but with a lower incidence of hypoglycemia.
  • Clinical trials support its use with short-acting insulins or oral agents for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin glargine is a well-tolerated, effective basal insulin for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
  • Its profile reduces hypoglycemia risk, aiding overnight insulin needs.
  • It complements mealtime insulin for optimal blood glucose management.

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