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Effects of metal combinations on cytotoxicity evaluation using a dynamic extraction method.

S Takeda1, M Akiyama, K Sakane

  • 1Department of Biomaterials, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.

Dental Materials Journal
|January 31, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Metal combinations impact cytotoxicity. Titanium combined with Nickel-Chromium alloys significantly reduced cell viability, unlike other combinations, suggesting dynamic extraction tests for new metal pairings.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Materials Science
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Assessing the cytotoxicity of metal combinations is crucial for biomedical applications.
  • Understanding ion release and its effects on cells is essential for material safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cytotoxicity of various metal combinations under dynamic extraction conditions.
  • To investigate the influence of dissimilar metal interactions on cell viability.

Main Methods:

  • Dynamic extraction using freely gyrating spherical metals in a glass vessel.
  • Assessing cell viability following exposure to metal extracts.
  • Testing combinations of gold (Au) alloy, silver-palladium-gold (Ag-Pd-Au) alloy, titanium (Ti), cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), and nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloys.

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Main Results:

  • Au and Ag-Pd-Au alloys showed minimal cytotoxicity in combination with each other or Ti.
  • Precious alloys combined with Co-Cr or Ni-Cr alloys resulted in 60-80% cell viability.
  • Titanium (Ti) exhibited varied cytotoxicity; Ti/Co-Cr maintained viability, while Ti/Ni-Cr drastically reduced it below 20%.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic extraction simulating mutual dynamic contact of dissimilar metals is a viable method for evaluating cytotoxicity.
  • The combination of Ti and Ni-Cr alloys presents a significant cytotoxic risk.
  • Careful consideration of metal pairings is necessary to predict and mitigate adverse biological responses.