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Related Experiment Videos

Separation methods for acyclovir and related antiviral compounds.

A Loregian1, R Gatti, G Palù

  • 1Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padova, Italy.

Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications
|January 31, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Acyclovir and related antiviral drugs are effectively analyzed using chromatography, particularly RP-HPLC, for accurate measurement in biological samples. Capillary Electrophoresis offers a faster, more sensitive alternative for detecting these crucial herpes virus medications.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Analytical Chemistry
  • Virology and Drug Development

Background:

  • Acyclovir (ACV) and its prodrug valaciclovir (VACV) are key antivirals for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections.
  • Ganciclovir and penciclovir are important for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and CMV retinitis, respectively.
  • Accurate quantification of these drugs in biological samples is challenging due to structural similarities with endogenous compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review analytical methods for quantifying acyclovir and related antiviral compounds.
  • To highlight the importance of selective techniques for bioanalysis.
  • To compare chromatography and capillary electrophoresis for drug monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) using C18 silica columns.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Isocratic separation systems with UV or fluorescence detection.
  • Sample preparation involving deproteinization and extraction of plasma samples.
  • Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) with electrochemical detection.

    • Main Results:

    • RP-HPLC provides good specificity and accuracy for acyclovir and related drug analysis, with short analysis times (<10 min).
    • Detection limits for RP-HPLC are typically in the ng/ml range.
    • Capillary Electrophoresis offers significantly faster analysis (<0.5 min) and improved performance, with detection limits potentially reaching sub-ng/ml levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Chromatographic techniques, especially RP-HPLC, are established methods for analyzing acyclovir and related antivirals in pharmaceutical and biological matrices.
    • Capillary Electrophoresis represents a promising advancement for the rapid and sensitive bioanalysis of these antiviral drugs.
    • Further development of CE methods may enable the analysis of a wider range of related antiviral compounds.