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Using intervention theory to model factors influencing behavior change. Project RESPECT
M Fishbein1, M Hennessy, M Kamb
1University of Pennsylvania, USA.
Evaluation & the Health Professions
|January 31, 2002
Summary
Project RESPECT successfully increased condom use by improving attitudes and self-efficacy, particularly for females. Enhanced counseling also positively impacted males, demonstrating effective intervention strategies for STI prevention.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
- Clinical Trials
Background:
- Project RESPECT, a multisite randomized trial, evaluated clinic-based interventions for HIV and STD prevention.
- The study focused on understanding the theoretical mechanisms underlying intervention effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how intervention content, guided by theoretical concepts, influenced condom use.
- To analyze the impact of interventions on mediating variables predicting condom use intentions.
Main Methods:
- Employed growth curve analysis and structural equation modeling.
- Examined correlations between condom use intentions and self-reported behavior.
- Assessed treatment effects on attitudes, self-efficacy, and social norms.
Main Results:
- Intentions strongly correlated with condom use behavior (r > .70) for both genders.
- Interventions improved attitudes and self-efficacy in females.
- Enhanced counseling significantly affected attitudes and self-efficacy in males.
Conclusions:
- Emphasizing intentions is justified due to their strong link with condom use.
- Intervention effectiveness varied by gender, with females benefiting from both counseling approaches and males from enhanced counseling.
- Findings inform the development of targeted sexual health interventions.
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