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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Menopause01:28

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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

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Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
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Testosterone: Functions and Regulation01:26

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The intricate hormonal interplay essential for male reproductive health begins with the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. This hormone prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). LH targets the Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and release testosterone. In concert with testosterone, FSH acts on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules to facilitate the release of...
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[Hormone profile in the aging man].

U Maier1

  • 1Urologischen Abteilung, Donauspital im SMZ-Ost der Stadt Wien, Langobardenstrasse 122, A-1220 Wien. Ulrich.Maier@smz.magwien.gv.at

Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|January 31, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Male aging involves hormonal shifts, with declining testosterone and growth hormone, and rising FSH and LH. The term "andropause" is inaccurate; "partial endocrine variations" better describes these gradual male hormonal changes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Andrology
  • Gerontology

Context:

  • Aging in males is associated with significant endocrine system alterations.
  • Distinguishing these changes from the abrupt hormonal shifts of female menopause is crucial.

Purpose:

  • To accurately characterize the hormonal changes occurring during male aging.
  • To evaluate the appropriateness of the term 'andropause' and propose alternatives.
  • To highlight the need for long-term studies on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in aging males.

Summary:

  • Serum testosterone, free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), growth hormone, and melatonin levels decrease with male aging.
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels increase.

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  • Estradiol, prolactin, and dihydrotestosterone levels remain largely unchanged.
  • The term 'andropause' is deemed inaccurate due to the absence of a sudden hormone decline, unlike female menopause.
  • Proposed alternative terms include 'partial endocrine variations of the aging male' or 'partial androgen deficiency of the aging male'.

    • Impact:

    • Provides a more precise terminology for age-related hormonal changes in men.
    • Emphasizes the requirement for extensive, decade-long research to validate the efficacy and safety of HRT.
    • Underscores the necessity of evidence-based approaches to HRT, particularly concerning potential risks like tumor induction.