Physiological variables measured under field conditions according to age and state of training in French Trotters

We hypothesised that the derived physiological variables V2 and V4 (velocity to achieve a blood lactate concentration of 2 and 4 mmol/l, respectively), HR2 and HR4 (the corresponding heart rate) and V200 (the velocity for a heart rate of 200 beats/min) would improve with training state and age, in French Trotters. A total of 194 French Trotters from one training establishment were followed for 6 years and 1105 standardised field exercise tests performed on a sand training track. The horses were divided into 6 age groups (from 1 to > or = 6 years) and 4 training groups (beginning, endurance training, sprint training, racing). A 2-way analysis of variance was performed to evaluate the effects of age, training and the interaction of age and training on these physiological variables with the level of statistical significance set at 5%. The results showed that there was a significant influence of age on HR4, V2, V4 and V200, with these variables increasing with age. Also, there was a significant influence of training and both age and training on V2, V4 and V200, with these variables increasing with training and age. These results, obtained in a longitudinal study in a reproducible field environment, are consistent with previous laboratory-based experimental studies. We conclude that objective indices of fitness obtained on the training track can be useful in the commercial training environment.