Bioavailability studies of a new iron source by means of the prophylactic-preventive method in rats

The bioavailability of iron from a new commercial source containing ferric gluconate stabilized with glycine sold under the trade name Bioferrico was studied in this work by means of the prophylactic-preventive test in rats. NaFeEDTA was also studied by the same methodology for comparative purposes and ferrous sulfate was used as the reference standard. The test was conducted for 4 wk with male weaned rats, which were randomized into four groups of at least eight animals each. A control group received a basal diet of low-iron content, whereas the other groups received the same diet with iron added at a dose of 20 mg/kg as FeSO4.7H2O, NaFeEDTA, and Bioferrico, respectively. Individual hemoglobin concentrations (HbC) and weights were determined at the beginning and at the end of the study and food intake was daily registered. The iron bioavailability (BioFe) of each source was calculated as the ratio between the amount of iron incorporated into hemoglobin during the treatment (HbFe) and the total iron intake per animal (ToFeIn). A relative biological value (RBV) was obtained for each iron source under study as the ratio between the BioFe of the tested compound and that of the reference standard. The RBVs were 98% and 86% for Bioferrico and NaFeEDTA, respectively. Bioferrico showed a high bioavailability and behaved inertly in relation to the sensorial properties of the fortified food when it was added to flour. These qualities emphasize Bioferrico as a promising source for iron fortification.