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Published on: April 1, 2018
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder across the lifespan
Timothy E Wilens1, Joseph Biederman, Thomas J Spencer
1Clinical Research Program in Pediatric Psychopharmacology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. wilens@helix.mgh.harvard.edu
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurobehavioral condition in youth that often persists into adulthood. Comprehensive diagnosis and lifespan pharmacotherapy are crucial for managing ADHD and its associated conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neurobehavioral Disorders
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neurobehavioral disorder in children and adolescents.
- ADHD frequently exhibits chronicity, with symptoms and impairments extending into adulthood.
- Comorbidities such as anxiety, mood disorders, disruptive disorders, and substance abuse are common in individuals with ADHD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- To highlight the diagnostic reliability and validity of ADHD.
- To discuss the biological underpinnings and comprehensive management strategies for ADHD.
Main Methods:
- Review of current scientific literature on ADHD.
- Analysis of genetic, neuroimaging, neurochemical, and neuropsychological data.
- Consideration of diagnostic criteria and treatment modalities.
Main Results:
- ADHD diagnosis is reliable and valid through careful symptom and impairment assessment.
- Substantial evidence from genetic, imaging, and neurochemical studies supports a biological basis for ADHD.
- Pharmacotherapy, including stimulants, antidepressants, and antihypertensives, is a key component of ADHD management.
Conclusions:
- ADHD is a chronic neurobehavioral disorder with significant implications across the lifespan.
- A holistic approach considering all life aspects is essential for ADHD diagnosis and treatment.
- Pharmacological interventions are fundamental in the comprehensive management of ADHD.
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