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The aging process in the sacroiliac joint: helical computed tomography analysis
Yasuaki Shibata1, Yasumasa Shirai, Masabumi Miyamoto
1Department of Orthopaedics, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan.
Summary
Sacroiliac joint degeneration begins in the 20s and progresses with age, becoming widespread by 50. Childbearing, particularly the first birth, accelerates this degeneration in women.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Orthopedics
- Gerontology
Background:
- Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) degeneration is a common condition associated with aging.
- Understanding the prevalence and progression of SIJ degeneration is crucial for diagnosing and managing related pain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the frequency of degenerative changes in the SIJ based on age, sex, body mass index, and childbearing history.
- To trace the development of SIJ degeneration and its relation to osteoarthritis.
- To identify specific patterns of degeneration and their localization within the SIJ.
Main Methods:
- Computed tomography (CT) scans of the lower back from symptom-free individuals across various age groups were analyzed.
- Degenerative signs evaluated included joint space narrowing, sclerosis, osteophytes, cysts, and erosion.
- Data were stratified by age, sex, laterality, body mass index, and parity.
Main Results:
- SIJ degeneration commences in the 20s and progresses with age, with all individuals aged 50+ showing some form of degeneration.
- Degenerative changes were significantly more frequent in individuals aged 40 and older.
- Women exhibited more advanced degeneration than men, and parous women showed faster progression than nulliparous women, with the first childbirth having the most significant impact.
Conclusions:
- SIJ degeneration is a common, age-related process.
- Female sex and parity are significant risk factors for accelerated SIJ degeneration.
- The findings provide insights into the natural history of SIJ osteoarthritis.