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Related Experiment Videos

Nonthrombogenic ac polarized copper prosthesis.

T R Lucas, B Stanczewski, N Ramasamy

    Biomaterials, Medical Devices, and Artificial Organs
    |January 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Maintaining implanted copper vascular prostheses at a negative potential using alternating current (AC) prevented thrombus formation. This novel antithrombogenic approach significantly improved prosthesis patency compared to controls and direct current (DC) methods.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Cardiovascular Engineering
    • Medical Device Development

    Background:

    • Metals with negative potentials in blood are antithrombogenic, while positive potentials are thrombogenic.
    • Previous research established a link between metal potential and blood clot formation.
    • Maintaining a negative potential is key to preventing thrombosis on implanted devices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate a novel method for maintaining implanted metallic prostheses at a negative potential.
    • To evaluate the antithrombogenic properties of AC-polarized copper vascular prostheses.
    • To compare the efficacy of AC polarization with DC polarization and no current.

    Main Methods:

    • A copper vascular prosthesis in a canine model was subjected to high-frequency (100 kHz) AC at cathodic potentials (+/- 10 mV).

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  • Prostheses were explanted at various time points (2 hours to 42 days) for examination.
  • Visual and scanning electron microscopy were used to assess thrombus deposition.
  • Results were compared to control (no current) and DC-polarized copper tubes.

    • Main Results:

    • AC-polarized copper prostheses showed no thrombus deposits, remaining patent for up to 6 weeks.
    • Control tubes occluded within 2 to 6 hours.
    • DC-polarized tubes remained patent but showed more thrombus than AC-polarized tubes.
    • Minimal junctional thrombi were observed, attributed to material property differences.

    Conclusions:

    • High-frequency AC cathodic polarization is an effective antithrombogenic strategy for vascular prostheses.
    • This AC method significantly enhances prosthesis patency and reduces thrombus formation compared to controls and DC polarization.
    • The precise mechanism of AC polarization's antithrombogenic effect requires further investigation.