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Related Concept Videos

Ethics in Research01:56

Ethics in Research

Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
Ethics and Bioethics01:22

Ethics and Bioethics

Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
Nursing Ethical Principles II01:27

Nursing Ethical Principles II

Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's cancer...
Ethical Issues01:27

Ethical Issues

Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
Ethical Dilemmas I01:17

Ethical Dilemmas I

Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
Ethical Dilemmas II01:30

Ethical Dilemmas II

Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Use of Animal Model of Sepsis to Evaluate Novel Herbal Therapies
07:34

Use of Animal Model of Sepsis to Evaluate Novel Herbal Therapies

Published on: April 11, 2012

Ethical issues regarding fee-for-service-funded research within a complementary medicine context.

S Evans1, J B Block

  • 1Genetic Services Management, Inc, Omaha, NE 68131, USA. sevans@gsm-usa.com

Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
|February 2, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Fee-for-service funding for clinical research on preventive complementary medicine, like dietary supplements, is ethically justifiable. This approach supports vital research, even if cost is a barrier for some participants.

Keywords:
Biomedical and Behavioral Research

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Area of Science:

  • Complementary Medicine
  • Clinical Research Ethics
  • Preventive Health

Background:

  • Ethical considerations in funding clinical research for preventive complementary medicine are complex.
  • Fee-for-service models present an alternative funding strategy for such research.
  • Historical precedents exist for patient-funded clinical research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the ethical implications of using fee-for-service models to fund clinical research on preventive complementary medicine.
  • To assess the ethical basis for patients paying for clinical trials focused on dietary supplements for disease prevention.
  • To argue for the expanded use of fee-for-service funding in complementary medicine research.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and discussion of six key ethical questions from relevant literature.
  • Analysis of arguments supporting patient payment for clinical experimentation.
  • Examination of historical precedents in patient-funded research.

Main Results:

  • A rational and ethical basis exists for patients to pay for clinical trials on supplement-directed disease prevention.
  • Acceptance of potential non-participation due to cost is ethically permissible.
  • Moderate profit and researcher fees are deemed acceptable within this funding model.
  • Informed consent is achievable in patient-funded research settings.

Conclusions:

  • Fee-for-service funding is an ethically appropriate and valuable model for complementary medicine research, especially for dietary supplements.
  • Patient-funded research is not inherently less ethical than other funding models.
  • Expanded use of fee-for-service funding can enhance research into preventive health strategies.