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Haemophilus influenzae resistance in Latin America: systematic review of surveillance data

A L de Andrade1, M C Brandileone, J L Di Fabio

  • 1Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Brazil. ana@iptsp.ufg.br

Microbial Drug Resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.)
|February 2, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is a concern in Latin America. Resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) was higher in noninvasive strains, with TMP-SMX resistance increasing over time.

Area of Science:

  • * Infectious Diseases
  • * Microbiology
  • * Public Health

Background:

  • * Haemophilus influenzae causes significant morbidity and mortality in children under five in developing nations.
  • * Latin America has implemented Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines and antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance.
  • * Antimicrobial resistance patterns are crucial for guiding effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To systematically review and pool data on Haemophilus influenzae antimicrobial resistance in Latin America.
  • * To analyze resistance trends over a 10-year period (1990-2000) across 15 Latin American countries.
  • * To provide insights into the evolving antimicrobial resistance landscape post-Hib vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • * Systematic review and pooled analysis of published reports.
  • * Inclusion of data from 15 Latin American countries spanning 1990-2000.
  • * Analysis of antimicrobial resistance in both invasive and noninvasive Haemophilus influenzae isolates.

Main Results:

  • * Beta-lactamase production was higher in invasive (21.4%) vs. noninvasive (14.5%) isolates.
  • * Ampicillin resistance was prevalent in invasive (21.9%) and noninvasive (17.2%) strains.
  • * Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) resistance was significantly higher in noninvasive (41.9%) vs. invasive (26.9%) isolates, with increasing rates in Brazil.

Conclusions:

  • * TMP-SMX resistance is more common in noninvasive isolates and shows an increasing trend in some regions.
  • * Post-Hib vaccination, an increase in nontypeable H. influenzae infections is anticipated.
  • * Continuous monitoring of H. influenzae antimicrobial resistance is essential for effective clinical management in Latin America.

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