Thoracoscopically managed parathyroid adenoma in the upper anterior mediastinum

We thoracoscopically managed parathyroid adenoma of the upper anterior mediastinum in a 29-year-old man. He had a backache and was found to have bilateral ureteric stones, hypercalcemia, and extremely increased parathyroid hormone levels. 99mTc-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile scintigraphy showed an accumulation area projected onto the right thyroid lobe and the upper mediastinum. A diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism secondary to double adenomas was made. The patient then underwent surgical intervention. With the patient under general anesthesia with one-lung ventilation, a reddish brown adenoma of an upper mediastinum was removed thoracoscopically with three trocars, whereas the right superior parathyroid adenoma was excised by a standard open cervical procedure. Conventionally, the mediastinal parathyroid adenoma was removed by an open approach and was associated with perioperative distress to the patient. If the exact location of the mediastinal lesion is established, thoracoscopic excision of these lesions is feasible and is strongly recommended.