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Posttraumatic stress, problem drinking, and functional outcomes after injury.

Douglas F Zatzick1, Gregory J Jurkovich, Larry Gentilello

  • 1Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center and Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98104-2499. dzatzick@u.washington.edu

Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|March 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience significant functional impairments one year after injury. Problem drinking did not show similar effects, highlighting the need for PTSD interventions in trauma care.

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Psychiatry
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Patients with traumatic injuries are at risk for developing mental health conditions.
  • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and problem drinking are potential sequelae following trauma.
  • Functional outcomes are critical measures of recovery after significant injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and problem drinking on functional outcomes in trauma surgery patients.
  • To compare functional status in trauma survivors with and without these disorders one year post-injury.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study involving 101 trauma survivors at a Level I academic trauma center.
  • Assessment of PTSD using the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist and problem drinking via the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test.

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  • Functional status evaluated using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey at hospitalization and 1-year follow-up.

    • Main Results:

    • One year post-injury, 30% of patients had PTSD and 25% exhibited problem drinking.
    • PTSD was associated with significant functional impairments across 7 of 8 health domains.
    • PTSD remained a strong predictor of adverse outcomes, while problem drinking did not significantly impair function.

    Conclusions:

    • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a persistent condition in 30% of trauma patients one year after injury.
    • PTSD is independently linked to widespread functional deficits.
    • Development of targeted treatment interventions for trauma patients with PTSD is recommended.