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Related Experiment Videos

Anxiety and ritualized speech.

M Lalljee, M Cook

    British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953)
    |August 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Anxiety increases the use of ritualized speech units (RSUs), particularly "I mean" and "well." However, a speaker's preferred RSU did not significantly increase with anxiety levels.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psycholinguistics
    • Speech Communication
    • Cognitive Psychology

    Background:

    • Units of Ritualized Speech (URSs) are common in spoken language.
    • Their function and correlation with psychological states like anxiety are not fully understood.
    • Specific URSs may serve different roles in communication under stress.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of anxiety on the rate of URS usage.
    • To determine if anxiety influences a speaker's preferred URS.
    • To explore potential reasons for observed changes in URS frequency.

    Main Methods:

    • Subjects were interviewed on topics rated for anxiety-provoking potential.
    • The frequency of specific URSs ('I mean', 'in fact', 'really', 'sort of', 'well', 'you know') was analyzed.

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  • Hypotheses regarding URS rate and preferred URS increase with anxiety were tested.

    • Main Results:

    • The overall rate of URS usage significantly increased with anxiety, supporting the first hypothesis.
    • The second hypothesis, that a speaker's preferred URS would increase with anxiety, was not supported.
    • Specifically, the URSs 'I mean' and 'well' showed increased usage during anxious states.

    Conclusions:

    • Anxiety influences the general use of certain ritualized speech units.
    • 'I mean' and 'well' may function as anxiety-related speech markers.
    • Further research is needed to understand the grammatical and psychological factors influencing these findings.