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Related Experiment Videos

Self-esteem and performance on word tasks.

V Sharma1, J Mavi

  • 1Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, India.

The Journal of Social Psychology
|February 6, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Low self-esteem women improved word-task performance after failure attribution training. External attributions reduced self-blame and broke negative cycles, enhancing subsequent performance.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Self-esteem significantly influences cognitive performance and attributional styles.
  • Individuals with low self-esteem often exhibit self-blame following failure, creating detrimental cycles.
  • Understanding attributional retraining is crucial for interventions targeting performance enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of causal attributions for failure on word-task performance in postgraduate women.
  • To examine the efficacy of reattribution training in improving performance among low self-esteem participants.
  • To explore the mechanisms by which external attributions mitigate self-blame and performance deficits.

Main Methods:

  • 192 postgraduate Indian women were assessed for self-esteem levels (high vs. low).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants completed word-task performance measures following induced failure.
  • Low self-esteem participants underwent reattribution training, attributing failure to external causes.

    • Main Results:

    • Reattribution training significantly improved subsequent word-task performance in low self-esteem participants.
    • Attributing failure to external causes reduced the tendency for self-blame among low self-esteem individuals.
    • External attributions effectively disrupted the self-defeating cycle, leading to performance gains.

    Conclusions:

    • Attributional retraining, specifically externalizing failure causes, is an effective strategy for enhancing performance in individuals with low self-esteem.
    • Modifying attributional patterns can break negative self-perceptions and improve cognitive task outcomes.
    • This study highlights the psychological mechanisms linking self-esteem, attributions, and performance.