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Secondary Healthcare System

Secondary Healthcare System

Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...

Continuing Care

Continuing Care

Continuing care describes the variety of health, personal, and social services provided over a prolonged period. The need for continuing care is increasing because people are living longer. Many people do not have families or others to care for them. Continuing care is mainly for patients who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from a terminal disease. It is available within institutional settings or in homes. Examples include nursing centers or facilities, assisted living,...

Specialized Care Centers and Settings-I

Specialized Care Centers and Settings-I

Specialized care settings or centers are situated in convenient locations within the community and offer care to a specific group or population. They consist of daycare facilities, mental health facilities, rural health facilities, educational institutions, industries, shelters for the homeless, and rehabilitation facilities.
Daycare centers
They provide several functions. Some facilities care for healthy newborns and children whose parents work, while others are medically focused and care for...

Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II

Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II

Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care

IntroductionThe management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) aims to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications.Initial ManagementInpatient management involves continuous cardiac monitoring, preferably in an ICU, focusing on blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, and urine output. Ongoing pharmacologic management is crucial for stabilizing the patient.Supplemental Oxygen: Administer supplemental oxygen if oxygen saturation is...

Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management

Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management

Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...

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A Modified Sonographic Algorithm for Image Acquisition in Life-Threatening Emergencies in the Critically Ill Newborn

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Emergency care.

E L Nagel, R R Liberthson, J C Hirschman

|December 1, 1975

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Paramedic defibrillation can treat prehospital ventricular fibrillation. Survivors require intensive monitoring and antiarrhythmic therapy due to high rates of sudden cardiac death and recurrent arrhythmias.

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Area of Science:

Emergency Medicine
Cardiology
Public Health

Background:

Prehospital ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a critical event in sudden cardiac death.
A significant portion of sudden cardiac arrest victims experience no preceding symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the outcomes of prehospital ventricular fibrillation treated by paramedics.
To identify predictors of survival and recurrence in sudden cardiac arrest patients.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 301 prehospital sudden death victims.
Evaluation of defibrillation success, hospitalization, discharge rates, and survival.
Analysis of post-defibrillation heart rates, rhythms, and recurrence of arrhythmias.

Main Results:

199 out of 301 patients with VF were successfully defibrillated; 101 were hospitalized, and 42 discharged alive.
Successful outcomes were associated with rapid post-defibrillation heart rates and specific initial rhythms.
57% of hospitalized patients experienced recurrent ventricular arrhythmias within 24 hours.
Discharged survivors had a mean survival of 13 months, with 28% experiencing sudden death.

Conclusions:

Prehospital VF treatment by paramedics can be successful, but survival rates are limited.
Rapid heart rates and certain arrhythmias predict better outcomes.
Survivors face significant risks of recurrent arrhythmias and sudden death, necessitating intensive management.